Unlike most fish and wildlife departments in the Northeast, Rhode Island's Department of Environmental Management (RIDEM), Fish & Wildlife Division is totally silent on the existence of wild trout resources in the state. Interestingly, the folks in the Office of Water Quality aren't quite so cagey.  In the 2008 Water Quality Assessment, they stuck a field into the dataset which describes each stream segment as holding cold water species, warm water species, or unattributed.  These data are shown below, superimposed on the brook trout habitat data from the EBTJV.

Cold water habitat (which will hold trout) is shown as blue lines; warm water as purple, and unattributed as black.

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Source: Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management, Office of Water Resources, RI Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report 2008; Eastern Brook Trout Joint Venture, Google Earth

The data needed to recreate this dataset in Google Earth is all available from the "RI Resources" Menu in the sidebar.  The RI Quickstart Tutorial tells you how to set it up.